Simple present
O "simple present" é utilizado:
-
Para expressar hábitos e fatos gerais, ações repetidas ou situações, emoções e desejos permanentes:
I smoke (hábito); I work in London (situação permanente); London is a large city (fato geral). -
Para dar instruções ou indicações:
You walk for two hundred meters, then you turn left. -
Para expressar eventos programados, presentes ou futuros:
Your exam starts at 09.00. -
Para se referir ao futuro, depois de algumas conjunções: after, when, before, as soon as, until:
He'll give it to you when you come next Saturday.
Tome cuidado! O "simple present" não é utilizado para indicar ações que estejam ocorrendo no presente momento.
Exemplos
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Hábitos
He drinks tea at breakfast.
She only eats fish.
They watch television regularly. -
Ações ou eventos repetidos
We catch the bus every morning.
It rains every afternoon in the hot season.
They drive to Monaco every summer. -
Fatos gerais
Water freezes at zero degrees.
The Earth revolves around the Sun.
Her mother is Peruvian.
-
Instruções ou orientações
Open the packet and pour the contents into hot water.
You take the No.6 bus to Watney and then the No.10 to Bedford. -
Eventos programados
His mother arrives tomorrow.
Our holiday starts on the 26th March -
Construções no futuro
She'll see you before she leaves.
We'll give it to her when she arrives.
Formação do "simple present": to think
| Afirmativa | Interrogativa | Negativa |
|---|---|---|
| I think | Do I think? | I do not think |
| You think | Do you think? | You do not think |
| He thinks | Does he think? | He does not think |
| She thinks | Does she think? | She does not think |
| It thinks | Does it think? | It does not think |
| We think | Do we think? | We do not think. |
| They think | Do they think? | They do not think. |
Notas sobre a terceira pessoa do singular no "simple present"
-
Na terceira pessoa do singular, o verbo sempre termina em -s:
he wants, she needs, he gives, she thinks. -
As formas negativas e interrogativas utilizam DOES (= terceira pessoa do auxiliar "DO") + infinitivo do verbo.
He wants ice cream. Does he want strawberry? He does not want vanilla. -
Verbos terminados em -y: na terceira pessoa do singular, troca-se o -y por -ies:
fly --> flies, cry --> cries
Exceção: quando houver uma vogal antes do -y:
play --> plays, pray --> prays -
Adicione -es aos verbos terminados em:-ss, -x, -sh, -ch:
he passes, she catches, he fixes, it pushes
Exemplos
- He goes to school every morning.
- She understands English.
- It mixes the sand and the water.
- He tries very hard.
- She enjoys playing the piano.