Condicional tipo 2

Formação

Nas orações condicionais tipo 2, o tempo verbal da oração 'if' é o "simple past", enquanto que o da oração principal é o "present conditional" ou o "present continuous conditional".

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Oração "If" (condição)	Oração principal (resultado)
If + simple past	"present conditional" ou "present continuous conditional"
If this thing happened	that thing would happen.

Assim como ocorre em todas as orações condicionais, a ordem dos elementos não é fixa. Você poderá ter de reorganizar os pronomes e ajustar a pontuação quando alterar a ordem das orações, mas o significado continuará idêntico.

Exemplos

If it rained, you would get wet.
You would get wet if it rained.
If you went to bed earlier you wouldn't be so tired.
You wouldn't be so tired if you went to bed earlier.
If she fell, she would hurt herself.
She would hurt herself if she fell.

Funções

O "type 2 conditional" indica uma condição improvável ou hipotética e seu resultado provável. Essas orações não são baseadas em uma situação real. Nas orações condicionais tipo 2, o marco temporal é agora ou a qualquer momento, e a situação é hipotética.

Exemplos

If the weather wasn't so bad, we would go to the park. (mas o tempo está ruim, portanto, não podemos ir.)
If I was the Queen of England, I would give everyone a chicken. (mas não sou a rainha.)
If you really loved me, you would buy me a diamond ring.
If I knew where she lived, I would go and see her.

Com o verbo "to be", é correto e bastante comum utilizar "if I were" em vez de "if I was".

Exemplos

If I were taller, I would buy this dress.
If I were 20, I would travel the world.
If I were you, I would give up smoking.
If I were a plant, I would love the rain.

Nas orações condicionais tipo 2, também é possível utilizar verbos modais (modal verbs) na oração principal, ao invés de "would", para expressar o grau de certeza, permissão ou uma recomendação sobre o resultado.

Exemplos

We might buy a larger house if we had more money.
He could go to the concert if you gave him your ticket.
If he called me, I couldn't hear.

O tempo verbal "present conditional"

O "present conditional" de qualquer verbo é composto por dois elementos:
"would" + infinitivo do verbo principal, sem "to".

Sujeito	+ "would"	+ infinitivo
He	would	go
They	would	stay

To Go no "present conditional"

Afirmativa	Negativa	Interrogativa	Interrogativa Negativa
I would go	I wouldn't go	Would I go?	Wouldn't I go?
You would go	You wouldn't go	Would you go?	Wouldn't you go?
He would go	He wouldn't go	Would he go?	Wouldn't he go?
She would go	She wouldn't go	Would she go?	Wouldn't she go?
We would go	We wouldn't go	Would we go?	Wouldn't we go?
They would go	They wouldn't go	Would they go?	Wouldn't they go?